One mediator

Kaufmann Kohler states that the Rabbis were in principle against prayers to angels for intercession. Citing R. Judan, he says one in trouble should not ask Michael, Gabriel, or any angel for help, but should turn immediately to God, for whoever calls on God's name will be delivered.

Kaufmann Kohler (1843-1926), The Jewish Encyclopedia (New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1901-1906), s.v. 'Mediator' — section 'In Rabbinical Literature'

Jerome argues that if apostles and martyrs could pray for others while still in the body, they must do so much more once they have won their crowns and triumphed. Moses won pardon from God for six hundred thousand armed men, and Stephen entreated pardon for his persecutors; their power is not less now that they live with Christ.

Jerome (c. 347-420), Against Vigilantius (trans. W. H. Fremantle), in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, ser. 2, vol. 6 (eds. Philip Schaff and Henry Wace; New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1893) — §6 (on the souls of the martyrs and their prayers)

Trent teaches that the saints who reign with Christ offer their prayers to God for men. It says it is good and useful to invoke them and seek their prayers, aid, and help for benefits from God through Jesus Christ, our alone Redeemer and Saviour. It says those who deny the saints in heaven are to be invoked think impiously.

Council of Trent (1545-1563); trans. J. Waterworth (1848), The Canons and Decrees of the Sacred and Oecumenical Council of Trent (London: Dolman, 1848) — Session XXV, Decree on the Invocation, Veneration, and Relics of Saints

The source states that the saints are acknowledged by the Catholic Church as intercessors. It says it honours them as friends of God and as praying for us to the God of all.

Synod of Jerusalem (1672), under Patriarch Dositheus; trans. J. N. W. B. Robertson, The Acts and Decrees of the Synod of Jerusalem (London, 1899), 'Confession of Dositheus' — Answer to the Fourth Question (on the honour of the saints), referring to Decree VIII

Calvin says the idea that the dead intercede for us is a mere dream from their own brain. To base our prayers on it is to withdraw trust from calling upon God. Paul’s rule for calling on God is faith grounded on God’s word.

John Calvin (1509-1564), Commentaries on the Epistles to Timothy, Titus, and Philemon (trans. William Pringle; Edinburgh: Calvin Translation Society, 1856; CCEL edition) — Commentary on 1 Timothy 2:5

Wesley says there is one mediator between God and men, who reconciles man to God and transacts the whole affair of our salvation. This excludes all other mediators, such as saints and angels, which he says Papists set up and idolatrously worship, just as heathens set up many mediators to pacify their gods.

John Wesley (1703-1791), Explanatory Notes upon the New Testament (1755; CCEL's 'Wesley's Notes on the Bible') — Note on 1 Timothy 2:5