'They pierced my hands and feet'

Rashi interprets "like a lion, my hands and feet" to mean that his hands and feet are as though crushed in a lion's mouth. He notes that Hezekiah said in Isaiah 38:13, "like a lion, so it would break all my bones."

Rashi (R. Shlomo Yitzhaki, 1040-1105), Rashi on Psalms (The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, trans. A. J. Rosenberg) — Comment on Psalms 22:17 (Hebrew versification; 22:16 in English versions), on 'like a lion, my hands and feet'

Justin Martyr says this Psalm refers to Christ: when Jesus was crucified, the nails pierced his hands and feet, and those crucifying him parted his garments by lot. He says no one in Trypho’s nation called King or Christ ever had hands or feet pierced while alive, or died by the cross, except Jesus alone.

Justin Martyr (c. 100-c. 165), Dialogue with Trypho, ch. 97, in Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 1 (trans. Marcus Dods; Buffalo: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885) — Chapter XCVII ('Other predictions of the cross of Christ')

Jerome holds that “Look upon me” is superfluous, since the Hebrew has only “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani,” meaning “My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?” He says it is impiety to think this Psalm was spoken as David, Esther, or Mardocheus, since the Evangelist applies its passages to the Saviour, including “They pierced my hands.”

Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274), Catena Aurea, quoting Jerome, Catena Aurea (Golden Chain), vol. 1: St. Matthew (Oxford translation; London: J. G. F. and J. Rivington, 1842) — On Matthew 27:46 (Jerome, on the twenty-first Psalm)

Athanasius argues that a death raised aloft on a tree could be none other than the Cross, and that hands and feet are pierced in no other death save the Cross. The piercing of hands and feet thus belongs to crucifixion alone.

Athanasius of Alexandria (c. 296-373), On the Incarnation of the Word, in NPNF ser. 2, vol. 4 (New York: Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1892) — §35 ('Prophecies of the Cross')

Calvin translates the word as "they have pierced," though he notes the Hebrew reads caari, literally "like a lion." He says all Hebrew Bibles of his day support "like a lion," and he would hesitate to depart from them, except that the discourse's scope compels him and he suspects the passage was fraudulently corrupted by the Jews.

John Calvin (1509-1564), Commentary on the Book of Psalms, vol. 1 (trans. James Anderson; Edinburgh: Calvin Translation Society, 1845) — Commentary on Psalm 22:16

Spurgeon reads Psalm 22:16 as “They pierced my hands and my feet.” He says this can by no means refer to David or anyone but Jesus of Nazareth, the once crucified but now exalted Son of God.

Charles Haddon Spurgeon (1834-1892), The Treasury of David, vol. 1 (London: Marshall Bros., 1881; quoted from the archive.org OCR text) — Exposition of Psalm 22:16